{"id":516,"date":"2015-01-07T21:45:06","date_gmt":"2015-01-07T21:45:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/halisiad.com\/?p=516"},"modified":"2015-01-07T21:45:06","modified_gmt":"2015-01-07T21:45:06","slug":"glossary-of-carpet-terms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/glossary-of-carpet-terms.html","title":{"rendered":"Glossary of Carpet Terms"},"content":{"rendered":"

Like other industries, carpet industry has its own technical terms. Being an industrial publication, we wanted to publish this glossary of carpet terms, which can help you to learn more about the product choices. Here\u2019s the list of terms from A to Z:<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Absorbent Pad Cleaning: <\/strong>\u00adA cleaning process using a minimal amount of water, where detergent solutions are sprayed onto either vacuumed carpet or a cotton pad, and a rotary cleaning machine is used to buff the carpet.\u00a0The soil is transferred from the carpet to the buff pad, which is changed or\u00a0cleaned as it becomes soiled.<\/p>\n

Anchor Coat<\/strong>: A latex or adhesive coating applied to the back of tufted carpet\u00a0to lock the tufts and prevent them from being pulled out under normal circumstances.<\/p>\n

Antimicrobial<\/strong>: A chemical treatment added to carpet to reduce the growth of\u00a0common bacteria, fungi, yeast, mold and mildew.<\/p>\n

Antistatic:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA carpet \u2018s ability to dissipate an electrostatic charge before it\u00a0reaches a level that a person can feel.<\/p>\n

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Attached Cushion: <\/strong>Adhering a cushioning material, (foam, rubber, urethane,\u00a0PVC, etc.), to the back of carpet.<\/p>\n

Axminster: <\/strong>\u00adA type of carpet where the pile is inserted one row of tufts at a time, each row representing a section of the overall pattern. Axminster weaving has been traditionally used mostly for creating multicolored patterned carpets.<\/p>\n

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Back Seams: <\/strong>\u00adInstallation seams made with the carpet turned over or face down. Opposite of \u201cface seams \u201d made with the carpet face up. Both are on the back of the weaving or tufting operation.<\/p>\n

Barber pole<\/strong>: A yarn coloration made possible by plying two or more yarns\u00a0together, either of different colors or of differing propensity to accept dye.<\/p>\n

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Bas \u00adRelief Carving: <\/strong>\u00adA process of multi \u00adlevel carving, whereby the field area\u00a0of the design is carved down and the design itself is made of the higher pile height.<\/p>\n

Beam:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adLarge, horizontal cylinders or spools. Warp yarns are wound on beams\u00a0and located on line in back of the weaving or tufting operation.<\/p>\n

Blend: <\/strong>\u00adA mixture of two or more fibers or yarns.<\/p>\n

Bobbin:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA spool \u00adlike device made of various materials, shapes and constructions with a head at one or both ends and a hole through its length, or\u00a0barrel, for placement on a spindle or skewer. It is used to hold yarn for spinning,\u00a0weaving or sewing.<\/p>\n

Border Rug: <\/strong>\u00adA rug manufactured with one or more outside borders of one carpet style and a field (inside area) of another carpet type.<\/p>\n

Bound Only Rug: <\/strong>\u00adA rug that is\u00a0manufactured by simply cutting carpet to the size or shape desired to fit into a room (but not wall \u00adto \u00adwall) and bound.<\/p>\n

Braided: <\/strong>\u00adReversible oval or round rugs produced from braided strips of new or\u00a0used material.<\/p>\n

Breaking Strength:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe ability or capacity of a material to withstand the ultimate tensile load or force required for rupture.<\/p>\n

Bulked Continuous Fila\u00a0ment (BCF):\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adStrands of synthetic fiber (such as\u00a0nylon or Olefin) that have been formed into bundles of yarn. The fibers have undergone a process to add texture that makes the formerly straight filaments\u00a0either kinked or curled.<\/p>\n

Bulking: <\/strong>Processing yarns, to fluff them up and give more coverage with the same weight. This is usually accomplished by crimping the fiber.<\/p>\n

Burling: <\/strong>A hand tailoring operation to remove any knots and loose ends, insert\u00a0missing tufts of surface yarns. A repair operation on worn or damaged carpet is\u00a0called reburling.<\/p>\n

Burns: <\/strong>\u00adBurns occur when the carpet yarn is exposed to an errant heat source and the fibers are melted or scorched. Burns should be addressed immediately.\u00a0First, snip off the damaged fibers, then use a soap less cleaner and sponge with water. If the damage is extensive, see a professional about repairs.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cable: <\/strong>\u00adA yarn made by twisting two or more plied yarns together. Typically a large, regular yarn.<\/p>\n

Carding: <\/strong>\u00adIn staple yarn manufacture, a process to remove impurities and short,\u00a0unusable fibers. The fiber is cleaned and aligned to form a continuous untwisted string called a sliver.<\/p>\n

Carpet:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adAny textile floor covering that is not designated as a Rug.<\/p>\n

Carpet Odor: <\/strong>\u00adSome new carpets and padding may have a noticeable odor. Such\u00a0odors usually disappear within a few days with ventilating and frequent\u00a0vacuuming.<\/p>\n

Carved Only:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA rug manufactured using only one carpet component, whereby the (usually intricate) design is placed into that component via carving.<\/p>\n

Carving: <\/strong>\u00adIn handcrafted rug manufacture, whereby the component carpet(s) is\u00a0(are) carefully cut down using a tool designed for that purpose to add a third dimension to the rug.<\/p>\n

Chain:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adIn weaving: 1.\u00a0The binder warp yarn that works over and under the filling yarns of the carpet; 2. Axminster loom refers to the endless chain that\u00a0carries the tube frames; 3. Dobby loom\u00a0\u00adrefers to the endless chain of pattern selector bars.<\/p>\n

Chain Binders: <\/strong>\u00adYarns running warp wise (lengthwise) in the back of a woven\u00a0or woven interlock carpet, binding construction yarns.<\/p>\n

Colorfastness: <\/strong>\u00adThe measure of a carpet or yarn\u2019 s resistance to fading.<\/p>\n

Continuous Dye: <\/strong>\u00adThis is a dyeing process geared toward maximizing production, where the greige carpet is passed under the dyeing equipment, and the dye solutions are \u201cflowed on \u201d to the carpet, rather than the carpet being immersed in the dyeing solution.<\/p>\n

Continuous Filament:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adContinuous strands of synthetic fibers extruded in yarn form without the need for spinning, which natural fibers and synthetic\u00a0staple fibers require for yarn formation.<\/p>\n

Cotton Count:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA numbering system, previously used for cotton, now used for\u00a0most staple fibers, based on length and weight. It is the number of 840 \u00adyard skeins required to weigh 1 pound, therefore, the higher the cotton count, the finer the yarn.<\/p>\n

Cotton Fiber: <\/strong>\u00adA unicellular, natural fiber composed of cellulose. The fibers\u00a0clothe the seeds of an erect, freely branching tropical plant (cotton plant). In carpet, its use is primarily for wrap yarns in woven carpet. Today, it is seldom\u00a0used as a face fiber, other than in rugs.<\/p>\n

Cover: <\/strong>\u00adDegree to which the underlying structure is concealed by the face yarn.<\/p>\n

Creel: <\/strong>\u00adThe large frame used to hold yarn cones that directly feed yarn to the needles of a tufting machine.<\/p>\n

Crocking: <\/strong>\u00adA term used to describe excess color rubbing off as the result of\u00a0improper dye penetration, fixation or selection.<\/p>\n

Cross Dyed: <\/strong>\u00adMulticolored effects produced in a fabric with fibers of different\u00a0dye affinities.<\/p>\n

Custom Tufted: <\/strong>\u00adCarpet or rugs\u00a0in which pile yarns are manually tufted with hand machines or by narrow \u00adwidth tufting machines.<\/p>\n

Cut Pile: <\/strong>\u00adA carpet fabric in which the face is composed of cut ends of pile yarn.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dead Yarn:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe pile yarn in a Wilton carpet that remains hidden in the backing structure when not forming a pile tuft.<\/p>\n

Deep Dye Fibers: <\/strong>\u00adModified synthetic fibers with increased dye affinity relative to regular dye fibers. By combining deep dye fibers with regular dye fibers, a two \u00adcolor or two \u00adtoned effect can be achieved within one dye bath.<\/p>\n

De-lamination:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe separation of the secondary backing or attached cushion from the primary backing of the carpet.<\/p>\n

Density:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adRefers to the amount of pile yarn in the carpet and the closeness of\u00a0the tufts. In general, the denser the pile, the better the performance. Density is\u00a0often numerically referenced as the \u201cAverage Pile Density \u201d (see that definition for a further explanation of the calculation).<\/p>\n

Dimensional Stability:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe ability of the carpet to retain its original size and shape when subjected to outside forces (e.g. a secondary backing adds\u00a0dimensional stability to carpet).<\/p>\n

Direct Glue: <\/strong>(Direct Glue Down)\u00a0\u00adAn installation method whereby the carpet is\u00a0adhered directly to the floor.<\/p>\n

Double Back:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adWoven or nonwoven fabric laminated to the back of carpet with latex or other adhesive. Double backed carpet has enhanced dimensional stability and strength. See Backing.<\/p>\n

Double Glue Down:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adAn installation method whereby the carpet cushion is\u00a0adhered to the floor first, and the carpet is then glued to the cushion. Also\u00a0referred to as Double Stick installation.<\/p>\n

Drafting: <\/strong>\u00adTaking the carded staple fiber (known as sliver) and forming it into\u00a0the proper length and width in preparation for the final yarn manufacture.<\/p>\n

Dry Foam Cleaning: <\/strong>(\u201cDry Extraction Cleaning \u201c)\u00a0\u00adA cleaning process using a minimal amount of water,\u00a0where a dense foam is worked into the carpet with a reel type brushing machine. The soil \u00adladen foam is then removed using a wet\u00a0vacuum, which is often part of the same equipment as the brush.<\/p>\n

Dry Powder Cleaning: <\/strong>(\u201cDry Extraction Cleaning \u201c)\u00a0\u00adA cleaning process using a minimal amount of water, where an absorbent solvent laced powder is worked into the carpet, allowed to set for a period of time, and then it and the absorbed soil and dirt are vacuumed up.<\/p>\n

Dry Rot:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA condition caused by attack of microorganisms on fibers, textiles,\u00a0carpets or other materials, characterized by less strength and integrity. Attack\u00a0on carpet backings permits carpet to break and tear easily. Natural materials,\u00a0such as jute, are susceptible, whereas polypropylene and most other synthetics\u00a0are resistant.<\/p>\n

Dutchman:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adInstaller \u2018s term for a narrow strip seamed onto standard width carpet to fit oddly dimensioned areas. Proper planning will minimize the need for\u00a0this practice.<\/p>\n

Dye Beck:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA very large vat with a reel to hold carpet, which is dyed in a solution of water and chemicals by carefully raising the water temperature and adjusting the pH so that the dye sites are opened to accept the dye. We believe this form of dyeing (which is the method Fabrica uses) allows for a more controlled and consistent color match.<\/p>\n

Dye Lot: <\/strong>\u00adThis is the amount of a particular carpet that can be dyed together in\u00a0one lot (or made from yarn that was dyed together), to insure that each yard is\u00a0absolutely the same color.<\/p>\n

Dye Lot Variation:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe amount that a color can vary and still be considered a \u201cmatch\u201d, without physically being in the same dye lot.<\/p>\n

Dye Penetration:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe ability of a dyeing process to color yarns completely from the tip to the base of the yarn. Beck dyeing typically allows for better dye penetration than continuous dyeing.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Embossed: <\/strong>\u00adA pattern formed when thick, twisted yarns are used on a base of\u00a0lower, lighter yarns to create an engraved appearance.<\/p>\n

Extrusion:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA yarn manufacturing term, this is the process whereby near liquid nylon (or other material) is forced through a spinneret (a sieve like apparatus)\u00a0to \u201cextrude \u201d the very fine fibers that are either cut, mixed and bundled into yarn (\u201cstaple \u201c), or bundled into yarn in long strands (\u201cfilament \u201c).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Face Seams: <\/strong>\u00adSewn or cemented seams made without turning the carpet over or\u00a0face down. They are used during installations when back seaming is impossible.<\/p>\n

Face Weight: <\/strong>\u00adRefers to the amount of fiber (per square yard) that is in the face of the carpet (total weight less the weight of the backing). However, this is\u00a0different than density because tall, less dense tufts may have the same face weight as short, dense tufts. On average, short, dense tufts will be more resistant to wear and matting.<\/p>\n

Fading: <\/strong>\u00adAll carpet (like any textile product) is subject to color changes over\u00a0time. This change is very gradual and is caused by oxidation through exposure to\u00a0the open air within the home. Due to damaging ultraviolet rays, areas exposed to\u00a0sunlight are subject to more dramatic color changes.
\nWe recommend that you take steps to protect these areas during high sunlight\u00a0exposure hours by using draperies or other window coverings. It will help if a reputable company tints your windows if the window warranty allows, but tinting alone is not a substitute for window coverings.<\/p>\n

Felting: <\/strong>\u00adSimilar to fiber bonding, except in the yarn form or non \u00adwoven fabric\u00a0form, whereby the individual fibers are mechanically entangled (using a bank of\u00a0needles) prior to the completion of the yarn manufacture.<\/p>\n

Fiber: <\/strong>\u00adNatural or man \u00admade materials having very high aspect ratios. That is,\u00a0having lengths hundreds to thousands of times greater than their widths. Useful textile fibers have high tensile strengths, flexibility, and resistance to heat,\u00a0light, chemical, and abrasives. Any substance, which can be made into yarn.<\/p>\n

Field: <\/strong>\u00adThe largest (typically the center) portion of a rug.<\/p>\n

Filament:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA single continuous strand of natural or synthetic fiber.<\/p>\n

Filament Yarn:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA type of yarn whereby the individual fibers are much longer\u00a0and tend not to be mixed, but rather bundled together before being twisted and heatset into yarn.<\/p>\n

Filler: <\/strong>\u00adA low cost material used for extending rubber,\u00a0plastic or other\u00a0polymers. Fillers are generally powders of very small particle size. Carpet latex laminating compounds and foams contain large amounts of fillers. The most\u00a0common filler in carpet latex is finely powdered calcium carbonate, often called \u201cwhiting \u201c, produced by grinding limestone.<\/p>\n

Filling Yarn:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adIn weaving, any yarn running across the width of the fabric\u00a0perpendicular to the wrap yarns. In woven carpet, filling yarns are part of the group of construction yarns that also include chain and stuffer warp and form the backing. Woven carpet fill and chain warp yarns interface to secure the pile yarns. Filling and other construction yarns usually are cotton, polypropylene,\u00a0jute, polyester, fiberglass or similar materials.<\/p>\n

Finishing: <\/strong>\u00adA collective term denoting final processing of carpet and textiles\u00a0subsequent to tufting, weaving and dyeing. Carpet finishing processes include application of soil retardant and antistatic chemicals, steaming, application of\u00a0secondary backing, application of attached foam cushion, back beating, brushing,\u00a0shearing and others.<\/p>\n

Flocked Carpet:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adCarpet composed of short, chopped fiber or flock that is\u00a0adhered, usually by electrostatic processes, to a base fabric, resulting in a short\u00a0pile material with a velvety texture.<\/p>\n

Flooring Radiant Panel: <\/strong>\u00adLaboratory testing device for measuring the critical radiant flux of horizontal mounted floor covering systems exposed to a flaming ignition source in a graded radiant heat energy environment.<\/p>\n

Free Form:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA floor area bound by walls and of irregular shape. Sometimes\u00a0called \u201cform \u00adfit area\u201d .<\/p>\n

Frieze: <\/strong>(also known as Trackless or Textured)\u00a0\u00adA \u201cfrieze \u201d is a cut pile carpet manufactured with yarn twisted so tightly it curls when cut.\u00a0This curling can either be paired with a flowing, \u201cwindswept \u201d look, or a dense,\u00a0tightly packed construction to yield very differently beautiful looks.\u00a0In either case,\u00a0the tightly twisted yarn creates a casual, elegant finish that helps\u00a0mask the appearance of footprints and vacuum tracks. It also provides\u00a0outstanding durability for the active family.<\/p>\n

Fringe: <\/strong>\u00adA decorative design element consisting of decorative edging and loose threads that is added to the edge (typically the ends) of a rug. Fabrica offers\u00a0fringe as unknotted, single knot or double knot.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gauge: <\/strong>\u00adIn tufting, the distance between two needle points expressed in fractions of an inch (also see Gauge\/Pitch).<\/p>\n

Generation:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adAn informal reference indicating large improvements in the general development of the nylon fiber as used in carpet (i.e. first generation nylons were the earliest, progressing from there through the current fifth generation).<\/p>\n

Greige: <\/strong>\u00adUndyed, unfinished carpet.<\/p>\n

Grinning: <\/strong>\u00adIn carpet where the primary backing can be seen between individual tufts of carpet, typically between adjoining rows.<\/p>\n

Ground Color: <\/strong>\u00adIn carpet, the background color\u00a0against which the top colors\u00a0create the pattern or figure in the design.<\/p>\n

Gully:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe distance between the tackless strip and the wall. It should always\u00a0be slightly less than the thickness of the carpet.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hand: <\/strong>\u00adUsed to describe the tactile quality, or how a carpet or textile feels to\u00a0the touch. While many aspects of manufacture (twist, fiber, weight, denier,\u00a0density, etc.) go into developing a carpet \u2018s \u201chand \u201c, obviously a carpet with a soft, appealing hand will feel soft and comfortable to the touch.<\/p>\n

Heat Bonded: <\/strong>\u00adA type of carpet construction whereby the face fibers are bonded to the primary backing, rather than being tufted through, or woven into,\u00a0the backing.<\/p>\n

Heather: <\/strong>\u00adA multicolor effect provided by blending fibers of different colors\u00a0prior to spinning carpet yarn.<\/p>\n

High Density Foam:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adAttached carpet cushion made from compounded natural and\/or synthetic latex foam, having a minimum density of 17 pounds per cubic\u00a0foot and a minimum weight of 38 ounces per square yard.<\/p>\n

Hot Melt Adhesive: <\/strong>\u00adThermoplastic adhesive material sometimes used for\u00a0laminating secondary backing to tufted carpet. Hot melt adhesives are compounded from thermoplastic polymers and plastics. They may be melted and solidified repeatedly by application of heat.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Inset and Carved <\/strong>\u00adA Handcrafted rug in which there is carving to the surface\u00a0of the component carpets.<\/p>\n

Inset Only\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA Handcrafted rug in which there is no carving to the surface of\u00a0the component carpets.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jacquard <\/strong>\u00adAn apparatus for a carpet weaving loom that produces patterns from\u00a0colored yarns. The pattern information is contained on perforated cards. The holes in the cards activate the mechanism that selects the color to be raised to\u00a0the pile surface. Wilton looms have jacquard pattern devices.<\/p>\n

Jute <\/strong>\u00adA natural bast fiber made from certain plants of the linden family, which grow in warm climates, such as those found in India and Bangladesh. Jute yarns\u00a0are used for woven carpet construction (backing) yarns. Woven jute fabrics are used in tufted carpet as secondary backing.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Knee Kicker <\/strong>\u00adA carpet installation tool used to make minor adjustments by stretching carpet (for installation with a tackless strip). By industry standards,\u00a0the majority of this stretch must be performed using a power stretcher.<\/p>\n

Knitted Carpet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adCarpet produced in a fabric formation or process by interlacing yarns in a series of connected loops. As in weaving, pile and backing are produced simultaneously. Multiple sets of needles interlace pile, backing and stitching yarns in one operation.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Latex\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA water based synthesis of synthetic rubber, natural rubber or other\u00a0polymers. Latex is used to laminate secondary backing to primary backing in carpet manufacture. It is also used to adhere a rug backing as well.<\/p>\n

Leno Weave <\/strong>\u00adA woven fabric construction in which paired warp yarns twist\u00a0around one another between fill yarn picks. It is similar to woven gauze bandage construction. Leno construction renders the yarns relatively immobile within the fabric, making possible very open weaves that are relatively stable. Woven polypropylene secondary backings for tufted carpets are generally of leno weave construction.<\/p>\n

Level Cut \/ Loop <\/strong>(also known as Pattern Cut Pile)\u00a0\u00adThis type of carpet\u00a0features a sophisticated look created by running cut pile and loop pile on a level pile height. The cuts and loops can appear random, or they can be arranged to\u00a0create a distinct pattern.<\/p>\n

Level Loop <\/strong>\u00adThis type of carpet features yarn on the face of the carpet which forms loops of basically the same height, with both ends laminated into the carpet backing.<\/p>\n

Loom\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adMachine that produces woven fabrics. In weaving, lengthwise yarns\u00a0(warp) are interlaced with weft yarns (fill) by the shuttle or other devices, such as gripper or rapier.<\/p>\n

Loop Pile <\/strong>\u00adCarpet style having a pile surface consisting of uncut loops. May be woven or tufted. In woven carpet it is called \u201cround wire \u201c.<\/p>\n

Luster <\/strong>\u00adBrightness, sheen, or reflectivity of fibers, yarns, or carpet. Synthetic\u00a0fibers are produced in various luster classifications including bright, semi \u00adbright,\u00a0semi \u00addull and dull. Bright fibers usually are clear (have no white pigment),\u00a0whereas the duller designations have small amounts of white pigments, such as\u00a0titanium dioxide. Luster of finished carpet also depends upon yarn heat \u00adsetting methods, dyeing and finishing. In high traffic commercial areas, duller carpet is\u00a0often preferred for soil \u00adhiding ability.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Markers <\/strong>\u00adColored yarns woven into the backs of woven carpets to aid installers\u00a0in achieving correct pattern match and pile direction.<\/p>\n

Matting <\/strong>\u00adSevere pile crush, most often combined with the unintended entanglement of fibers or tufts.<\/p>\n

Mending <\/strong>\u00adHand repair of carpet after tufting and weaving to replace missing tufts, remove knots and loose ends, etc.<\/p>\n

Metallic Fiber <\/strong>\u00adSynthetic fiber made of metal, metal coated plastic or plastic\u00a0coated metal sometimes used in small amounts in carpet to dissipate static\u00a0electricity, thus preventing shock.<\/p>\n

Miter Joint\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA junction of two pieces of carpet (or other material) at an angle.\u00a0Most miter joints involve pieces at right angles to one another with their ends\u00a0cut at 45 degrees to form the joint.<\/p>\n

Monochromatic\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA carpet or similar material that is dyed in a single color.\u00a0However, differences in cut versus loop pile yarn and\/or other textural differences can make monochromatic carpet seem to be multi \u00adshaded.<\/p>\n

Monofilament\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA single, continuous strand of synthetic polymer in the form of\u00a0a filament large and strong enough to be used as a textile yarn.<\/p>\n

Moresque <\/strong>\u00adA distinctive textural appearance given to carpet by the use of\u00a0yarns that have been twisted with other yarns of different colors or shades.\u00a0Moresque yarns thus have a \u201cbarberpole \u201d appearance. Moresque carpet in suitable colors is a good soil hider in high traffic areas.<\/p>\n

Multi\u00ad\u00a0filament\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adSynthetic yarns composed of a multiplicity of continuous fiber\u00a0strands extruded together, usually, from the multiple holes of a single spinneret.\u00a0Multi \u00adfilament carpet yarns are texturized to increase bulk and cover, and are called \u201cbulked continuous filament \u201d yarns or BCF yarns.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nap <\/strong>\u00adAnother term for pile, usually used when discussing the pile direction, or\u00a0the direction that the carpet came off the tufting machine.<\/p>\n

Narrow Carpet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adWoven carpet less than six feet wide, as distinguished from\u00a0broadloom.<\/p>\n

Needle <\/strong>\u00ad<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Tufting \u00adAn eyed needle that inserts yarns into primary backing to form tufts.<\/li>\n
  2. Needle punching \u00adBarbed felting needles that entangle and compress fibrous\u00a0fleeces into needled felts, such as those used for outdoor carpet.<\/li>\n
  3. Knitting \u00adHooked needles that form the loops of knitted fabric.<\/li>\n
  4. Axminster Weave \u00adAn eyed needle that delivers filling yarn across the loom\u00a0through the wrap yarn shed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nonwoven\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA fabric manufactured directly from fibers or filaments, or from a web of fibers without the yarn preparation needed for weaving, knitting or\u00a0tufting.<\/p>\n

    Nosing <\/strong>\u00adThe front dividing line of a step, where the top of a riser joins the front of\u00a0a tread.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Olefin\u00a0<\/strong>(or Polypropylene)\u00a0\u00adA synthetic fiber used for some conventional, as well as indoor \u00adoutdoor, carpets. This fiber is produced in continuous filament,\u00a0fibrillated and staple form; solution dyed. Polypropylene is known for stain resistance, easy cleanability, wearability, and a low absorption factor. Other features include abrasion resistance, mildew proof, moth proof, non \u00adallergenic,\u00a0resiliency, color retention and recoverability. Recommended for light traffic\u00a0because it is less durable and less resilient than nylon. It also exhibits poor\u00a0appearance retention and pattern walk \u00adout as compared with nylon.<\/p>\n

    Open Time <\/strong>\u00adThe time interval between the spreading of adhesive on a substrate and the appropriate placement of a floor covering material into the adhesive for bonding.<\/p>\n

    Oriental Rugs <\/strong>\u00adHandwoven rugs made in the Middle East and the Orient.<\/p>\n

    Overtufting <\/strong>\u00adA manufacturing process whereby a previously tufted greige good is re \u00adtufted, usually adding a differing design element.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Package Dyed <\/strong>\u00adYarn is dyed while wound on perforated tubes or wire forms.\u00a0The package dye machine forces dye liquor through the yarn on the dye package.<\/p>\n

    Pattern Elongation\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe deformation of a patterned carpet caused by unintended tensile force, yielding a pattern that appears \u201cstretched \u201d because it\u00a0is longer than it was designed to be.<\/p>\n

    Pattern Match\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe measurement of repeating units (measured in width and length) within the design of a particular carpet style. When considering the purchase of patterned carpet, it is essential that your installer know the size of\u00a0the pattern match as it could greatly affect the amount of carpet you will require.<\/p>\n

    Peaking <\/strong>\u00adA seam that is peaking is one that is generally higher than the other\u00a0areas of the carpet. Most often this is due to improper\u00a0carpet installation. It is\u00a0also caused by a carpet installer running the padding seams in the same direction as the carpet seams (normally, this should not be done).<\/p>\n

    Pick\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adIn woven carpet or in backing, this is the number of yarns running widthwise across\u00a0the yarns running lengthwise in the carpet or backing.<\/p>\n

    Piece Dyed <\/strong>\u00adCarpet dyed by immersion in an aqueous dye bath in a dye beck.<\/p>\n

    Pile <\/strong>\u00adThe visible surface of carpet, consisting of yarn tufts in loop and\/or cut\u00a0configuration. Sometimes called \u201cface \u201d or \u201cnap \u201c.<\/p>\n

    Pile Crushing <\/strong>(carpet in use)\u00a0\u00adPile crush will occur to some degree. It is, in fact, unavoidable. It will be most noticeable in high traffic lanes and under the legs of heavy pieces of furniture. More frequent vacuuming will help minimize this condition in heavy traffic areas. Moving your furniture occasionally and using cups under the legs of furniture will also help minimize pile crushing. When it\u00a0does occur, gently brush the area with your hand to hasten the recovery.<\/p>\n

    Pill Test\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA Federal standard for the measurement of the flammability of\u00a0carpet or backing. Passing or failing this test is measured as a function of the size of the burn resulting from a timed Methenamine burning tablet.<\/p>\n

    Ply\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThis is a term used in describing how many single fibers are \u201cplied \u201d\u00a0together to form a given yarn. At Fabrica, we often use multiple plied yarns (2 \u00adand 3 \u00adply are the most common), because they offer enhanced performance and a beautiful look.<\/p>\n

    Polyester <\/strong>\u00adA synthetic fiber introduced in some products in the 1950\u2032 s, and carpet in the 1960 \u2018s. It is made either as staple or continuous filament. Its\u00a0characteristics include good abrasion resistance, good color retention,\u00a0ability to\u00a0accept bright, vivid colors, stain resistance, and wearability. It is moth proof,\u00a0stain and soil resistant, mildew resistant and non \u00adallergenic. Recommended for\u00a0light traffic because it is less durable and less resilient than nylon. It also\u00a0exhibits poor appearance retention and pattern walk \u00adout as compared with nylon.<\/p>\n

    Polymers <\/strong>\u00adHigh molecular weight, chemical compounds formed by repeated linking of smaller chemical units called monomers. Polymers from which fibers\u00a0are made are long chain molecules in which the monomers are linked end \u00adto \u00adend linearly. Synthetic polymers used for carpet fiber include nylon 6,6 and nylon 6\u00a0(polyamides), polyester, polypropylene and polyacrylonitrile (acrylics). In popular terminology, polymers are also called plastics or resins.<\/p>\n

    Power Stretcher <\/strong>\u00adA carpet installation tool used to stretch carpet (for\u00a0installation with a tackless strip). According to industry standards, residential carpet, installed over cushion with a tackless strip, must be power stretched to\u00a0prevent wrinkles and ripples.<\/p>\n

    Prime Urethane Cushion\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adSeparate carpet cushion made from virgin polyurethane foam. The sheet of foam is cut from large \u201cloaves \u201c. As opposed to\u00a0prime cushion, rebonded polyurethane is made from\u00a0recovered scrap.<\/p>\n

    Printed Carpet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA carpet that is dyed (usually in patterns) by using either\u00a0flatbed screen printing, rotary screen printing, sponge printing or what is\u00a0basically a very large inkjet printer.<\/p>\n

    Puckering <\/strong>\u00adAn installation problem when one side of the carpet is longer than the other side of the adjoining edge. The oversized carpet gathers in the form of\u00a0wrinkles or pleats at the seam.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Quarter <\/strong>\u00adA woven carpet term that designates the width of narrow carpet. It is\u00a0one quarter of a yard, or nine inches. At one time, most woven carpet was made\u00a0on narrow looms. Widths such as 27 inches and 36 inches were commonly called three \u00adquarter and four \u00adquarter carpet, respectively.<\/p>\n

    Quarter \u00adRound <\/strong>\u00adWooden or plastic molding having a cross section comprising a 90 degree arc of a circle. It is used at joints between walls and floors, or\u00a0between larger moldings and floors.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Random Shearing <\/strong>\u00adA carpet texture created by running loop pile carpet\u00a0through the carpet shearer whereby high loops are actually cut to become cut\u00a0pile. Since cut pile is less reflective than loop pile, the resulting texture can actually appear to be different color. Also referred to as Tip Shearing.<\/p>\n

    Rendering <\/strong>\u00adA detailed, computer generated drawing of a proposed rug. It is\u00a0used to show both color placement (the colors used in the proposed rug) and to\u00a0show a proposed design.<\/p>\n

    Resilience <\/strong>\u00adThe ability of carpet pile to\u00a0recover its original appearance and thickness after being subjected to compressive forces or crushing under traffic.<\/p>\n

    Resist Printing <\/strong>\u00adA technique for producing colored patterns wherein carpet is\u00a0first printed with colorless chemicals that alter the dye affinity of the printed areas. The printed areas in nylon carpet, for example, may be altered to be light\u00a0dyeing and\/or cationic dyeable relative to the untreated, regular, acid dyeable nylon. Subsequent piece dyeing in a dye beck with appropriately selected dyestuffs produces a colored pattern. In this fashion, numerous colorways may be produced from a single print run.<\/p>\n

    Rippling <\/strong>\u00adIn properly installed carpet, rippling should rarely occur. Even if it\u00a0does occur, it would be in periods of very high heat and humidity. If\u00a0the carpet\u00a0remains rippled after the period of very high heat and humidity passes, contact a professional carpet installer, who should use a power stretcher (rather than a \u201cknee kicker \u201c) to re \u00adstretch the carpet.<\/p>\n

    Riser <\/strong>\u00adThe vertical or front surface of a step, rising from the back of a tread.<\/p>\n

    Rotary Brushing <\/strong>\u00adA carpet cleaning technique in which a detergent solution is\u00a0worked into the pile by a motor driven rotating brush. Loosened soil and spent\u00a0solution is often subsequently removed by vacuum.<\/p>\n

    Rows or Wires <\/strong>\u00adIn woven carpet this is the number of pile yarn tufts per\u00a0running inch lengthwise. Called \u201crows \u201d in Axminster and \u201cwires \u201d in Wilton and velvet carpet. Analogous to \u201cstitches per inch\u201d in tufted carpet.<\/p>\n

    Rubber <\/strong>\u00adA term sometimes applied to carpet cushion made from rubber (foam\u00a0or sponge), and used for both separate and attached cushion.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Saxony\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA Saxony is a cut pile carpet with upright yarns in which the individual tips of yarn are clearly visible. For centuries, Saxony has been the classic cut \u00adpile construction.<\/p>\n

    Scale Drawing <\/strong>\u00adA drawing, such as a building blueprint, having its\u00a0measurements in fixed proportion to the actual dimensions of the room, floor or\u00a0building depicted. A typical scale might be \u201cone quarter inch to the foot \u201c. On such a drawing, each quarter inch of linear dimension represents one foot of\u00a0linear dimension in the actual structure.<\/p>\n

    Scribing <\/strong>\u00adAn installation term for the method of transferring the exact\u00a0irregularities of a wall, floor or other surface onto a piece of carpet by a tracing technique. The carpet is then cut to fit exactly.<\/p>\n

    Scrim\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA reinforcing material glued to the seams in a rug to insure that they do\u00a0not separate.<\/p>\n

    Seaming Tape <\/strong>\u00adA tape, typically with an adhesive, used in the installation of\u00a0carpet to bind two edges of carpet together.<\/p>\n

    Seams <\/strong>\u00adIn a carpet installation, the connection of the edges of two pieces of\u00a0carpet using various seaming tapes, hand sewing or other techniques.<\/p>\n

    Seam Sealing <\/strong>\u00adA procedure involving coating the trimmed edges of two carpet\u00a0pieces of carpet to be seamed with a continuous bead of adhesive in order to\u00a0prevent fraying and raveling at the seam.<\/p>\n

    Self\u00a0\u00adTone <\/strong>\u00adA pattern of two or more shades of the same color. When two\u00a0shades are used in a pattern or design, it is called \u201ctwo tone \u201d or \u201ctone \u00adon \u00adtone \u201c.<\/p>\n

    Selvage <\/strong>\u00adThe side edges of a rug or carpet.<\/p>\n

    Serging <\/strong>\u00adA method of finishing the edges of area rugs by use of heavy, colored yarn sewn around the edges in a close, overcast stitch.<\/p>\n

    Sewing Pole <\/strong>\u00adAny piece of wood or other material, more or less rounded, over\u00a0which carpet may be laid in order to facilitate sewing and other related\u00a0operations. Most installers prefer a wooden pole about four inches in diameter\u00a0that has been slightly flattened on one side.<\/p>\n

    Shading <\/strong>\u00adAfter installation, carpet often appears to change color in certain areas. This phenomenon does not involve a true color change, but rather a difference in light reflection between various surface areas. Shading is not a manufacturing defect, but is actually considered to be the beauty of a cut pile carpet, simulating the look of velvet or suede.
    \nThe condition occurs due to the difference in light reflection between the sides\u00a0and tips of the yarn strands. As the pile surface is disturbed, the yarn sides will reflect more light than the tips, resulting in the highlighting feature so common in today \u2018s styles.
    \nNormally, this condition is temporary (such as with footprints). In rare cases,\u00a0the condition is permanent. The latter is referred to as pooling or watermarking.\u00a0The reason for this condition is unknown except that it is traffic related and random in nature. The pile fibers take on a permanent set based on the traffic\u00a0patterns, and this set cannot be changed.<\/p>\n

    Shag <\/strong>\u00adA carpet texture characterized by long pile tufts laid over in random\u00a0directions in such a manner that the sides of the yarn form the traffic surface.\u00a0Modern shags are made from plied, heat \u00adset yarns\u00a0and are either cut pile or cut\u00a0and loop styles.<\/p>\n

    Shear <\/strong>\u00adIn carpet manufacture, this is the process whereby a carpet is run flat\u00a0through a machine that has large rollers with blades running around them. This\u00a0action takes the pile down by minute fractions of an inch to present a uniform\u00a0finish. Fabrica is known for its very refined finishes. This is attributable to\u00a0(among other things) the quality and numbers of passes the carpet makes\u00a0through this equipment.<\/p>\n

    Shedding <\/strong>(or Fluffing or Fuzzing)\u00a0\u00adThis is a \u201chairy \u201d effect on the carpet\u00a0surface caused by loose fibers or slack yarn twist, whereby the fibers slip out of\u00a0the yarn bundle, either in service or wet cleaning. Shedding is not a defect, but\u00a0rather a characteristic of all new carpet, especially cut piles\u00a0and wools. It is\u00a0caused by short fibers within the pile that work loose during service.
    \nThis condition is most evident in high traffic areas. Although your vacuum bag may fill with this surplus fiber, the total fiber loss during use is relatively small.\u00a0Shedding will gradually decrease. The length of time required to eliminate shedding is dependent upon the type and amount of vacuuming performed.<\/p>\n

    Shuttle <\/strong>\u00adPart of a weaving loom that carries fill yarn back and forth across the fabric width. In conventional looms, it contains a spool of fill yarn called a bobbin.<\/p>\n

    Side \u00adby\u00a0\u00adSide Sample <\/strong>\u00adA small sample placing two component pieces of\u00a0carpet together to show how the coloration would look in a rug design.<\/p>\n

    Side Match\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe level of match of the color and texture of\u00a0a carpet from one side of its width to the other. Poor side matching can result in visible seams.<\/p>\n

    Sisal <\/strong>\u00adA product made of vegetable fibers such as coir, jute, paper and straw.\u00a0It is susceptible to stains, mold and mildew, and has a harsh surface, providing no comfort under foot.<\/p>\n

    Skein <\/strong>Dyeing <\/strong>\u00adThis is the process of dyeing carpet in the yarn stage, where the yarn is gathered onto individual skeins (yarn holders) and dyed. The yarn is then re \u00adwound onto yarn cones or yarn beams, and carpet is then tufted as\u00a0\u201cpredyed \u201d carpet.<\/p>\n

    Sliver <\/strong>\u00adAn intermediate stage in the production of staple yarns, where the yarn is carded (cleaned and aligned in the same direction) into a sliver,\u00a0and is then drafted (properly proportioned) before being twisted and heatset.<\/p>\n

    Snags <\/strong>\u00adSharp edged objects can grab or snag a carpet yarn (exposed nails in ladies \u2018 high \u00adheels are a very common offender). If your carpet is snagged, simply cut off the snagged yarn with a pair of sharp scissors. Do not try to pull out\u00a0these snags, as they are most likely attached to other yarns in the carpet itself,\u00a0which can then be loosened as well. If the snag is especially large, contact a carpet professional for service.<\/p>\n

    Soiling <\/strong>\u00adThis is the build \u00adup of particles of soil and similar materials that cling to carpet fibers. Thorough vacuuming and proper routine cleaning (Fabrica recommends a dry extraction professional cleaning every 12 months) should minimize this problem. Improper cleaning can actually enhance the problem, as\u00a0soap residue left behind from the cleaning attracts soil and increases the carpet\u00a0fiber \u2018s propensity for soil adhesion.
    \nHigh quality carpet can aid in the prevention of visible soiling, as can darker\u00a0colored carpet and stain protection added at manufacturing. Fabrica does not\u00a0recommend the addition of soil or stain protection once the carpet is \u201cin service \u201c,\u00a0and some after market additives can actually void your Fabrica and\/or fiber\u00a0producer \u2018s warranties. Please consult our Customer Service Department before adding any after market soil or stain protection. All Fabrica nylon products are treated to manage soil and stain.<\/p>\n

    Soil Resist\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA chemical finish applied to the carpet fiber and\/or surface that\u00a0inhibits the propensity for soil to attach to the carpet.<\/p>\n

    Solution Dyed <\/strong>\u00adYarn that is dyed in conjunction with being extruded, as\u00a0opposed to yarn dyed (dyed after it has been converted to yarn), or beck or\u00a0continuous dyeing, both of which are means of dyeing carpet after it has been tufted.<\/p>\n

    Space Dyed <\/strong>\u00adYarn where each individual yarn is dyed two or more colors that\u00a0alternate along the length.<\/p>\n

    Spinning <\/strong>\u00adA term for both yarn and fiber production. To the fiber\u00a0manufacturer, spinning is synonymous with extrusion of polymer throughout the small holes of the spinneret into synthetic fiber. To the conventional textile yarn mill, spinning is the conversion of staple fiber into spun yarn, much like our\u00a0ancestors did with spinning wheel yarns.<\/p>\n

    Sprouting <\/strong>\u00adThe condition whereby small tufts of yarn \u201csprout \u201d above the level\u00a0of the rest of the carpet. In most cases, the best cure is simply to cut the offending yarn to the level of those around it with sharp scissors. Do not try to\u00a0pull out these \u201csprouts, \u201d as they are most\u00a0likely attached to other yarns in the carpet itself, which can then be loosened as well.<\/p>\n

    Stains <\/strong>\u00adStains are spills of normal household substances that have either not\u00a0been tended to in time, or are of a material that somehow \u201cover \u00addyes \u201d the carpet. High quality carpet is dyed via the appropriate combination of water pH,\u00a0temperature, and the presence of \u201cdye stuffs \u201c. Some household products (such as\u00a0coffee) can actually work very effectively as a carpet dye.
    \nHigh quality carpet can aid in the prevention of visible stains, as can darker\u00a0colored carpet and stain protection added at manufacturing. Fabrica does not\u00a0recommend the addition of soil or stain protection once the carpet is \u201cin service \u201c,\u00a0and some after \u00admarket additives can actually void your Fabrica and\/or fiber producer \u2018s warranties. Please consult our Customer Service Department before adding any after \u00admarket soil or stain protection.<\/p>\n

    Staple Yarn\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA type of yarn whereby the extruded fibers\u00a0are cut into relatively short pieces, mixed together with other fibers, and then separated into bundles\u00a0in preparation for twist and heatset.<\/p>\n

    Static Discharge <\/strong>\u00adStatic electricity in carpet can be an annoying problem,\u00a0especially when your carpet is new. When the normal moisture returns, the static\u00a0should greatly subside. This humidifying process may take as long as several months, depending upon the condition of the air to which the carpet is exposed.\u00a0Also, daily use will minimize the amount of static. Fabrica uses long staple fibers, usually 6 inches to 8 inches in length, which provide a smoother\u00a0appearance and hand, and result in less fiber loss.<\/p>\n

    Step Return\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA term for that part of a staircase tread that extends over the riser. Also know as a bullnose or extended nosing.<\/p>\n

    Stitch\u00a0<\/strong>(Stitches, Stitch Rate)\u00a0\u00adThe number of individual tufts of carpet running lengthwise, usually measured per inch or per six inches.<\/p>\n

    Stitch\u00a0Length\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adTotal length of yarn from which a tuft is made. It is\u00a0numerically equal to twice the pile height plus the associated back stitch behind the primary backing.<\/p>\n

    Stock Dyed Yarn\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adColored spun yarn produced from fibers dyed in staple form. The term does not encompass yarns spun from solution dyed staple.<\/p>\n

    Stretch\u00a0<\/strong>(or Stretch \u00adIn)\u00a0\u00adAn installation procedure for carpet over separate cushion using a tackless strip; only properly performed with a power stretcher.<\/p>\n

    Stuffer <\/strong>\u00adA backing yarn in woven carpet. Stuffers are, normally, large warp yarns (lengthwise yarns) that increase weight, strength, hand, stiffness and stability.<\/p>\n

    Stuffer Box\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adIn yarn manufacture, a device into which individual fibers are forced in mass in order to crimp or add volume to the fibers.<\/p>\n

    Swatch\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA small carpet sample. At Fabrica, each product typically comes in a \u201csmall swatch\u201d (3 inches by 6 inches), and a \u201clarge swatch \u201d which is either 6\u00a0inches by 12 inches for cut pile and very small patterned carpets, or 12 inches by 12 inches for\u00a0larger patterns.<\/p>\n

    Synthetic Fibers <\/strong>\u00adSynthetic fibers are, as the name implies, the result of a chemical synthesis of two or more chemicals. Most synthetic fibers are derived from combing by \u00adproducts of the energy industry, i.e., petroleum coal or natural gas by \u00adproducts. Synthetics are classified as thermal plastic resins.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    100% Transfer <\/strong>\u00adThe full coverage of the carpet floor adhesive into the carpet\u00a0backing, including the recesses of the carpet back, while maintaining full coverage of the floor.<\/p>\n

    Tackless Strip <\/strong>\u00adWood or metal strips fastened to the floor near the walls. The strips have two or three rows of nails angled up toward the walls, to which carpet\u00a0backing is attached during a stretch \u00adin installation.<\/p>\n

    Template <\/strong>\u00adMaterial (typically paper) used to trace the dimensions of a room\u00a0where measurements are critical, such as in the manufacture of a wall \u00adto \u00adwall rug.<\/p>\n

    Tensile Strength\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe greatest stretching force a yarn, fabric or carpet can bear without breaking.<\/p>\n

    Texture <\/strong>\u00adSurface characteristics of carpet\u00a0pile, including such aesthetic and structural elements as high \u00adlow or cut \/ loop patterning, yarn twist, pile erectness or layover, harshness or softness to the touch, luster, and yarn dimensions.<\/p>\n

    Texture Retention\u00a0<\/strong>(or conversely, Texture Loss)\u00a0\u00adThe amount that a carpet\u00a0retains or loses its texture is controlled by the individual carpet yarns doing so.\u00a0The degree of twist put into yarn during its manufacture (a focus of Fabrica\u2019 s\u00a0products), helps define how well a yarn will perform.
    \nUnder normal wear and with proper maintenance, a carpet \u2018s texture should not\u00a0change dramatically. However, as carpet ages, it is normal for traffic areas to\u00a0lose more texture than areas without traffic (such as under furniture). Frequent\u00a0vacuuming will help prevent\/alleviate this problem, as will furniture rotation.<\/p>\n

    Thermal Conductivity\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe ability of a material to transmit heat. Good insulators, including some carpet, have high thermal resistivity (R \u00advalue) and low thermal conductivity.<\/p>\n

    Tip Sheared <\/strong>\u00adA carpet texture created just like random shearing, but is\u00a0typically less pronounced.<\/p>\n

    Tone on Tone <\/strong>\u00adA carpet pattern made by using two or more shades of the same color.<\/p>\n

    Top Colors <\/strong>\u00adIn printed or woven colored patterns, top colors are the ones\u00a0forming the pattern elements, as distinguished from background or ground colors.<\/p>\n

    Total Weight\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe weight of a finished carpet (per square yard), including pile, primary backings, secondary backing, latex and any coatings added.<\/p>\n

    Tuft\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adAn individual yarn (either cut or one \u00adhalf of a loop) resulting from a single penetration of the primary backing by a threaded needle.<\/p>\n

    Tuft Bind <\/strong>\u00adA measure of the individual tuft \u2018s adhesion to the carpet backing.\u00a0The force required to pull a tuft from a carpet.<\/p>\n

    Tufting <\/strong>\u00adA carpet manufacturing term, tufts of yarn are inserted through a carpet backing to create a pile of cut and\/or loop ends. This is the method that\u00a0Fabrica exclusively uses to manufacture its carpet.<\/p>\n

    Twist\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA yarn manufacturing process, whereby the fiber bundles are brought\u00a0together and wound around each other (twisted and then heatset) to help the yarn bundle stay together and to improve performance by increasing its\u00a0resistance to pile crush. Fabrica is known throughout the industry for the very high levels of twist we specify for many of our yarns.<\/p>\n

    Two\u00a0\u00adTone <\/strong>\u00adA design or pattern obtained by using two shades of the same color.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Underlay\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe cushion or padding that lays underneath rugs. The proper\u00a0padding not only feels best, but also can dramatically improve the carpet\u2019s\u00a0performance. Fabrica recommends padding of a high \u00adquality composite type, no\u00a0more than \u00bd\u201d thick. Our Affirm\u00ae padding is 7\/16 inch, 9\u00ad pound density.<\/p>\n

    Unitary\u00a0Backing <\/strong>\u00adA backing style whereby no physical secondary backing is\u00a0used; rather, a heavy application of latex serves as the backing.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Velvet Cut Pile <\/strong>\u00adCut pile carpet with an incredibly smooth surface refinement.\u00a0The individual tufts of yarn are virtually imperceptible, creating an elegant,\u00a0formal look that is reminiscent of suede or velvet.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Wall \u00adto\u00a0\u00adWall Rugs <\/strong>\u00adRugs manufactured specifically to be installed in a wall \u00adto \u00adwall fashion, as you would normally install carpet.<\/p>\n

    Warp <\/strong>\u00adA weaving term for yarns that run lengthwise in woven fabrics and carpets. Warp yarns are usually delivered to the loom from a beam, a large spool with hundreds of ends of yarn wound on it, mounted behind the loom. Woven carpets usually have three sets of warp yarns, which may be wound on three loom\u00a0beams. These include stuffer warp for lengthwise strength and stiffness, pile warp, which forms the carpet surface tufts, and chain warp, which interlaces with fill yarn to lock the structure together.<\/p>\n

    Weaving <\/strong>\u00adA fabric formation process used for manufacturing carpet in which yarns are interlaced to form cloth. The weaving loom interlaces lengthwise (warp)\u00a0and widthwise (filling) yarns. Carpet weaves are complex, often involving several sets of warp and filling yarns. See Axminster, Wilton and Velvet.<\/p>\n

    Wilton Carpet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA woven carpet, originally a loop pile construction. The loom\u00a0became known as a \u201cWilton\u201d when cut pile was introduced. Wilton carpets produce high quality cloth in either plain coloring or patterned, in a limited number of\u00a0colors. The Wilton weaving method is used largely for creating plain carpet and patterned carpet with up to five colors. In this type of weaving, the pile and the backing materials are closely interwoven. In patterned Wilton, the pile yarn not\u00a0appearing on the surface is woven into the backing, thus producing a very firm\u00a0and dimensionally stable material.
    \nVariations in the traditional Wilton weaving method include carved pile carpets\u00a0and a type of loop pile carpet. Some Wilton carpets are manufactured by what is\u00a0known as the face \u00adto \u00adface method or sandwich weaving in which two carpets are woven simultaneously, and then the pile strands in the sandwich are slit apart to\u00a0form two lengths of carpet.<\/p>\n

    Wires <\/strong>\u00adComponent of a carpet weaving loom on which the pile tufts are formed.\u00a0Round wires produce loop pile carpet, and flat wires with sharp blades produce cut pile (plush) textures.<\/p>\n

    Woolen System Yarn\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adSpun yarn, composed of any natural or synthetic fiber,\u00a0manufactured by the woolen system spinning process. Compared to worsted \u00adsystem or parallel \u00adspun yarns, which are common to most tufted carpet, woolen yarns are soft, bulky and hairy. Staple for woolen spinning is short, in the 3.5 to\u00a05.5 inch range.<\/p>\n

    Worsted Yarn\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adSpun yarn, composed of any natural or synthetic fiber,\u00a0manufactured by the worsted, or parallel spinning process. Most yarns for tufted carpet are parallel, spun. Staple for worsted spinning is long, often in the 6 to 8\u00a0inch range. In worsted yarns, the fibers are relatively parallel, and the yarns are relatively smooth and compact in structure. Worsted yarns are most often used in apparel.<\/p>\n

    Woven Carpet\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adCarpet that is manufactured on a weaving loom in which the lengthwise yarns and widthwise yarns are interlocked to form a fabric.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Yarn\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adA continuous strand composed of fibers or filaments and used in tufting,\u00a0weaving and knitting to form carpet and other fabrics. Carpet yarn is often plied and may be either spun or continuous filament.<\/p>\n

    Yarn Beams <\/strong>\u00adA method of supplying yarn to the tufting machine, whereby the yarn is\u00a0wound onto large beams (many yarns to a beam) which are then used to\u00a0supply yarn to the individual needles.<\/p>\n

    Yarn Cones <\/strong>\u00adA method of supplying yarn to the tufting machine, whereby the yarn is wound on individual cones (one yarn to a cone) which are then used to\u00a0supply yarn to the individual needles.<\/p>\n

    Yarn Encapsulation\u00a0<\/strong>\u00adThe degree to which the yarn on the back of the primary backing is surrounded by and infused with latex before the secondary backing is\u00a0applied.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Like other industries, carpet industry has its own technical terms. Being an industrial publication, we wanted to publish this glossary of carpet terms, which can help you to learn more about the product choices. Here\u2019s […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[50,58],"tags":[94,93,68,95],"class_list":["post-516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actual","category-featured","tag-carpet","tag-glossary","tag-of","tag-terms"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/10891876_313643172166277_6281937759957114950_n.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":517,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516\/revisions\/517"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/halisiad.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}